Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters

Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters, α (hydrogen bond donor), β (hydrogen bond acceptor), and π^* (polarizability).

The values of α have been set to 0 for solvents that are assumed to be unable to donate hydrogen bonds. This is the main reason it differs from other measures of hydrogen bond acidity, e.g. E_T and AN.

Sometimes a "polarity correction term" (fudge factor), δ, is also used. For aromatics δ=1.0, for polychlorinated compounds δ=0.5, and for all other solvents δ=0.0 .

α is correlated with →Dimroth-Reichardt E_T (→E_T vs α) and →Gutmann AN (→AN vs α).
β is correlated with →Gutmann DN (→DN vs β) except for amines and sulfides.
π^* is correlated with →Catalán SPP (→SPP vs π^*).

Name	α	β	π*
dimethyl sulfoxide	0.00	0.76	1.00
dioxane	0.00	0.37	0.55
tetrahydrofuran	0.00	0.55	0.58
cyclohexane	0.00	0.00	0.00
1,2-dichlorobenzene	0.00	0.03	0.80
4-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane	0.00	0.40	0.83
1-chlorobutane	0.00	0.00	0.39
1,2-dimethoxyethane	0.00	0.41	0.53
2-pentanone	0.00	0.52	0.65
N-methylpyrrolidone	0.00	0.77	0.92
carbon disulfide	0.00	0.07	0.61
decane	0.00	0.00	0.03
trichloroethene	0.00	0.05	0.53
cyclohexanone	0.00	0.53	0.76
diisopropyl ether	0.00	0.49	0.27
methyl acetate	0.00	0.42	0.60
nitrobenzene	0.00	0.30	1.01
1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine	0.00	0.86	0.76
diphenyl ether	0.00	0.13	0.66
dodecane	0.00	0.00	0.05
dibenzyl ether	0.00	0.41	0.80
diethyl carbonate	0.00	0.40	0.45
quinoline	0.00	0.64	0.92
benzonitrile	0.00	0.37	0.90
hexamethylphosphoramide	0.00	1.05	0.87
cis-decalin	0.00	0.08	0.11
oxolan-2-one	0.00	0.49	0.87
1,3-dioxolane	0.00	0.45	0.69
methoxybenzene	0.00	0.32	0.73
chloroacetonitrile	0.00	0.34	1.01
dipropyl ether	0.00	0.46	0.27
ethoxybenzene	0.00	0.30	0.69
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00	0.13	0.41
N,N-dimethylaniline	0.00	0.43	0.73
butylamine	0.00	0.72	0.31
tetradecafluorohexane	0.00	-0.08	-0.41
piperidine	0.00	1.04	0.30
thiolane	0.00	0.44	0.62
trimethyl phosphate	0.00	0.77	0.72
1-bromobutane	0.00	0.13	0.50
1-iodobutane	0.00	0.23	0.47
N,N-dimethylbenzylamine	0.00	0.64	0.45
perfluoro(methylcyclohexane)	0.00	-0.06	-0.40
bis(2-chloroethyl) ether	0.00	0.40	0.82
trans-1,2-dichloroethene	0.00	0.00	0.44
1,3-dichlorobenzene	0.00	0.03	0.75
octadecafluoronaphthalene	0.00	-0.05	-0.32
diiodomethane	0.00	0.00	0.65
1,2-dibromoethane	0.00	0.00	0.75
tetramethylsilane	0.00	0.02	-0.09
thiane	0.00	0.36	0.61
ethyl trichloroacetate	0.00	0.25	0.61
2-bromopyridine	0.00	0.53	1.00
2-fluoropyridine	0.00	0.51	0.84
dimethyl sulfide	0.00	0.34	0.57
1,3-dimethylbenzene	0.00	0.11	0.47
hexane	0.00	0.00	-0.04
diethyl ether	0.00	0.47	0.27
ethyl acetate	0.00	0.45	0.55
N,N-dimethylformamide	0.00	0.69	0.88
1,2-dichloroethane	0.00	0.10	0.81
triethylamine	0.00	0.71	0.14
N,N-dimethylacetamide	0.00	0.76	0.88
butyl acetate	0.00	0.45	0.46
tetrachloromethane	0.00	0.10	0.28
octane	0.00	0.00	0.01
1,1,1-trichloroethane	0.00	0.00	0.49
tetrachloroethene	0.00	0.05	0.28
dibutyl ether	0.00	0.46	0.27
sulfolane	0.00	0.39	0.98
ethyl formate	0.00	0.36	0.61
3-pentanone	0.00	0.45	0.72
butanenitrile	0.00	0.40	0.71
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurea	0.00	0.80	0.83
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane	0.00	0.00	0.95
dimethyl phthalate	0.00	0.78	0.82
thiolane-1-oxide	0.00	0.81	1.06
2,6-dimethylpyridine	0.00	0.76	0.80
bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether	0.00	0.40	0.64
2-methylbutane	0.00	0.01	-0.08
bromobenzene	0.00	0.06	0.79
cyclopentanone	0.00	0.52	0.76
ethyl benzoate	0.00	0.41	0.74
fluorobenzene	0.00	0.07	0.62
hexafluorobenzene	0.00	0.02	0.33
iodobenzene	0.00	0.06	0.81
methyl formate	0.00	0.37	0.62
N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine	0.00	0.84	0.23
pentafluoropyridine	0.00	0.16	0.53
propanenitrile	0.00	0.39	0.71
oxane	0.00	0.54	0.51
triethyl phosphate	0.00	0.77	0.72
tributylamine	0.00	0.62	0.16
diethyl sulfide	0.00	0.37	0.46
tributyl phosphate	0.00	0.80	0.65
acetic anhydride	0.00	0.29	0.76
dibromomethane	0.00	0.00	0.92
dimethylcyanamide	0.00	0.64	0.72
ethyl chloroacetate	0.00	0.35	0.70
2-phenylacetonitrile	0.00	0.41	1.00
1,4-difluorobenzene	0.00	0.03	0.58
4-methylpyridine	0.00	0.67	0.84
2-cyanopyridine	0.00	0.29	1.20
diisopropyl sulfide	0.00	0.38	0.36
3,4-dimethylpyridine	0.00	0.78	0.73
3-bromopyridine	0.00	0.60	0.89
di-n-butyl sulfide	0.00	0.38	0.36
pyridine	0.00	0.64	0.87
N,N-diethylacetamide	0.00	0.78	0.84
benzene	0.00	0.10	0.59
1,4-dimethylbenzene	0.00	0.12	0.43
pentane	0.00	0.00	-0.08
heptane	0.00	0.00	-0.08
chlorobenzene	0.00	0.07	0.71
toluene	0.00	0.11	0.54
4-methyl-2-pentanone	0.02	0.48	0.65
acetophenone	0.04	0.49	0.90
2-heptanone	0.05	0.48	0.61
tribromomethane	0.05	0.05	0.62
2-butanone	0.06	0.48	0.67
2-propanone	0.08	0.43	0.71
1,1-dichloroethane	0.10	0.10	0.48
dichloromethane	0.13	0.10	0.82
1,2-diaminoethane	0.13	1.43	0.47
pyrrolidine	0.16	0.70	0.39
N-methylaniline	0.17	0.47	0.82
acetonitrile	0.19	0.40	0.75
trichloromethane	0.20	0.10	0.58
nitromethane	0.22	0.06	0.85
2-chloroaniline	0.25	0.40	0.83
aniline	0.26	0.50	0.73
2-methyl-2-butanol	0.28	0.93	0.40
morpholine	0.29	0.70	0.39
diethylamine	0.30	0.70	0.24
2-pyrrolidone	0.36	0.77	0.85
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate	0.40	0.95	1.09
2-methyl-2-propanol	0.42	0.93	0.41
N-methylacetamide	0.47	0.80	1.01
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate	0.48	0.66	1.13
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dicyanoazanide	0.53	0.35	1.08
3-phenylpropanol	0.53	0.55	0.95
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium perchlorate	0.56	0.41	1.11
benzyl alcohol	0.60	0.52	0.98
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide	0.62	0.24	0.98
N-methylformamide	0.62	0.80	0.90
1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate	0.63	0.46	1.01
2-phenylethanol	0.64	0.61	0.88
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium octyl sulfate	0.65	0.77	0.93
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexyl sulfate	0.65	0.71	0.98
1-hexyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]azanide	0.65	0.25	0.98
cyclohexanol	0.66	0.84	0.45
2-butanol	0.69	0.80	0.40
decanol	0.70	0.82	0.45
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate	0.70	0.26	1.03
formamide	0.71	0.48	0.97
2-propanol	0.76	0.84	0.48
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide	0.76	0.28	0.90
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate	0.76	0.20	0.99
octanol	0.77	0.81	0.40
2-methyl-1-propanol	0.79	0.84	0.40
hexanol	0.80	0.84	0.40
pentanol	0.84	0.86	0.40
propanol	0.84	0.90	0.52
butanol	0.84	0.84	0.47
3-methyl-1-butanol	0.84	0.86	0.40
2-propen-1-ol	0.84	0.90	0.52
ethanol	0.86	0.75	0.54
ethanediol	0.90	0.52	0.92
3-methyl-1-octyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]azanide	0.97	0.28	0.97
methanol	0.98	0.66	0.60
butanoic acid	1.10	0.45	0.56
acetic acid	1.12	0.45	0.64
propanoic acid	1.12	0.45	0.58
3-methylphenol	1.13	0.34	0.68
water	1.17	0.47	1.09
pentanoic acid	1.19	0.45	0.54
heptanoic acid	1.20	0.45	0.50
1,2,3-propanetriol	1.21	0.51	0.62
hexanoic acid	1.22	0.45	0.52
formic acid	1.23	0.38	0.65
2-chloroethanol	1.28	0.53	0.46
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol	1.51	0.00	0.73
3-chlorophenol	1.57	0.23	0.77
4-methylphenol	1.64	0.34	0.68
phenol	1.65	0.30	0.72
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol	1.96	0.00	0.65