Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters

Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters, α (hydrogen bond donor), β (hydrogen bond acceptor), and π^* (polarizability).

The values of α have been set to 0 for solvents that are assumed to be unable to donate hydrogen bonds. This is the main reason it differs from other measures of hydrogen bond acidity, e.g. E_T and AN.

Sometimes a "polarity correction term" (fudge factor), δ, is also used. For aromatics δ=1.0, for polychlorinated compounds δ=0.5, and for all other solvents δ=0.0 .

α is correlated with →Dimroth-Reichardt E_T (→E_T vs α) and →Gutmann AN (→AN vs α).
β is correlated with →Gutmann DN (→DN vs β) except for amines and sulfides.
π^* is correlated with →Catalán SPP (→SPP vs π^*).

Name	α	β	π*
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol	1.96	0.00	0.65
1,1,1-trichloroethane	0.00	0.00	0.49
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane	0.00	0.00	0.95
1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine	0.00	0.86	0.76
1,1-dichloroethane	0.10	0.10	0.48
1,2,3-propanetriol	1.21	0.51	0.62
1,2-diaminoethane	0.13	1.43	0.47
1,2-dibromoethane	0.00	0.00	0.75
1,2-dichlorobenzene	0.00	0.03	0.80
1,2-dichloroethane	0.00	0.10	0.81
1,2-dimethoxyethane	0.00	0.41	0.53
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00	0.13	0.41
1,3-dichlorobenzene	0.00	0.03	0.75
1,3-dimethylbenzene	0.00	0.11	0.47
1,3-dioxolane	0.00	0.45	0.69
1,4-difluorobenzene	0.00	0.03	0.58
1,4-dimethylbenzene	0.00	0.12	0.43
1-bromobutane	0.00	0.13	0.50
1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate	0.63	0.46	1.01
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide	0.62	0.24	0.98
1-chlorobutane	0.00	0.00	0.39
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dicyanoazanide	0.53	0.35	1.08
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate	0.76	0.20	0.99
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexyl sulfate	0.65	0.71	0.98
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium octyl sulfate	0.65	0.77	0.93
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium perchlorate	0.56	0.41	1.11
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate	0.40	0.95	1.09
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide	0.76	0.28	0.90
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate	0.48	0.66	1.13
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate	0.70	0.26	1.03
1-hexyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]azanide	0.65	0.25	0.98
1-iodobutane	0.00	0.23	0.47
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol	1.51	0.00	0.73
2,6-dimethylpyridine	0.00	0.76	0.80
2-bromopyridine	0.00	0.53	1.00
2-butanol	0.69	0.80	0.40
2-butanone	0.06	0.48	0.67
2-chloroaniline	0.25	0.40	0.83
2-chloroethanol	1.28	0.53	0.46
2-cyanopyridine	0.00	0.29	1.20
2-fluoropyridine	0.00	0.51	0.84
2-heptanone	0.05	0.48	0.61
2-methyl-1-propanol	0.79	0.84	0.40
2-methyl-2-butanol	0.28	0.93	0.40
2-methyl-2-propanol	0.42	0.93	0.41
2-methylbutane	0.00	0.01	-0.08
2-pentanone	0.00	0.52	0.65
2-phenylacetonitrile	0.00	0.41	1.00
2-phenylethanol	0.64	0.61	0.88
2-propanol	0.76	0.84	0.48
2-propanone	0.08	0.43	0.71
2-propen-1-ol	0.84	0.90	0.52
2-pyrrolidone	0.36	0.77	0.85
3,4-dimethylpyridine	0.00	0.78	0.73
3-bromopyridine	0.00	0.60	0.89
3-chlorophenol	1.57	0.23	0.77
3-methyl-1-butanol	0.84	0.86	0.40
3-methyl-1-octyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]azanide	0.97	0.28	0.97
3-methylphenol	1.13	0.34	0.68
3-pentanone	0.00	0.45	0.72
3-phenylpropanol	0.53	0.55	0.95
4-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane	0.00	0.40	0.83
4-methyl-2-pentanone	0.02	0.48	0.65
4-methylphenol	1.64	0.34	0.68
4-methylpyridine	0.00	0.67	0.84
acetic acid	1.12	0.45	0.64
acetic anhydride	0.00	0.29	0.76
acetonitrile	0.19	0.40	0.75
acetophenone	0.04	0.49	0.90
aniline	0.26	0.50	0.73
benzene	0.00	0.10	0.59
benzonitrile	0.00	0.37	0.90
benzyl alcohol	0.60	0.52	0.98
bis(2-chloroethyl) ether	0.00	0.40	0.82
bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether	0.00	0.40	0.64
bromobenzene	0.00	0.06	0.79
butanamine	0.00	0.72	0.31
butanenitrile	0.00	0.40	0.71
butanoic acid	1.10	0.45	0.56
butanol	0.84	0.84	0.47
butyl acetate	0.00	0.45	0.46
carbon disulfide	0.00	0.07	0.61
chloroacetonitrile	0.00	0.34	1.01
chlorobenzene	0.00	0.07	0.71
cis-decalin	0.00	0.08	0.11
cyclohexane	0.00	0.00	0.00
cyclohexanol	0.66	0.84	0.45
cyclohexanone	0.00	0.53	0.76
cyclopentanone	0.00	0.52	0.76
decane	0.00	0.00	0.03
decanol	0.70	0.82	0.45
di-n-butyl sulfide	0.00	0.38	0.36
dibenzyl ether	0.00	0.41	0.80
dibromomethane	0.00	0.00	0.92
dibutyl ether	0.00	0.46	0.27
dichloromethane	0.13	0.10	0.82
diethyl carbonate	0.00	0.40	0.45
diethyl ether	0.00	0.47	0.27
diethyl sulfide	0.00	0.37	0.46
diethylamine	0.30	0.70	0.24
diiodomethane	0.00	0.00	0.65
diisopropyl ether	0.00	0.49	0.27
diisopropyl sulfide	0.00	0.38	0.36
dimethyl phthalate	0.00	0.78	0.82
dimethyl sulfide	0.00	0.34	0.57
dimethyl sulfoxide	0.00	0.76	1.00
dimethylcyanamide	0.00	0.64	0.72
dioxane	0.00	0.37	0.55
diphenyl ether	0.00	0.13	0.66
dipropyl ether	0.00	0.46	0.27
dodecane	0.00	0.00	0.05
ethanediol	0.90	0.52	0.92
ethanol	0.86	0.75	0.54
ethoxybenzene	0.00	0.30	0.69
ethyl acetate	0.00	0.45	0.55
ethyl benzoate	0.00	0.41	0.74
ethyl chloroacetate	0.00	0.35	0.70
ethyl formate	0.00	0.36	0.61
ethyl trichloroacetate	0.00	0.25	0.61
fluorobenzene	0.00	0.07	0.62
formamide	0.71	0.48	0.97
formic acid	1.23	0.38	0.65
heptane	0.00	0.00	-0.08
heptanoic acid	1.20	0.45	0.50
hexafluorobenzene	0.00	0.02	0.33
hexamethylphosphoramide	0.00	1.05	0.87
hexane	0.00	0.00	-0.04
hexanoic acid	1.22	0.45	0.52
hexanol	0.80	0.84	0.40
iodobenzene	0.00	0.06	0.81
methanol	0.98	0.66	0.60
methoxybenzene	0.00	0.32	0.73
methyl acetate	0.00	0.42	0.60
methyl formate	0.00	0.37	0.62
morpholine	0.29	0.70	0.39
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurea	0.00	0.80	0.83
N,N-diethylacetamide	0.00	0.78	0.84
N,N-dimethylacetamide	0.00	0.76	0.88
N,N-dimethylaniline	0.00	0.43	0.73
N,N-dimethylbenzylamine	0.00	0.64	0.45
N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine	0.00	0.84	0.23
N,N-dimethylformamide	0.00	0.69	0.88
N-methylacetamide	0.47	0.80	1.01
N-methylaniline	0.17	0.47	0.82
N-methylformamide	0.62	0.80	0.90
N-methylpyrrolidone	0.00	0.77	0.92
nitrobenzene	0.00	0.30	1.01
nitromethane	0.22	0.06	0.85
octadecafluoronaphthalene	0.00	-0.05	-0.32
octane	0.00	0.00	0.01
octanol	0.77	0.81	0.40
oxane	0.00	0.54	0.51
oxolan-2-one	0.00	0.49	0.87
pentafluoropyridine	0.00	0.16	0.53
pentane	0.00	0.00	-0.08
pentanoic acid	1.19	0.45	0.54
pentanol	0.84	0.86	0.40
perfluoro(methylcyclohexane)	0.00	-0.06	-0.40
phenol	1.65	0.30	0.72
piperidine	0.00	1.04	0.30
propanenitrile	0.00	0.39	0.71
propanoic acid	1.12	0.45	0.58
propanol	0.84	0.90	0.52
pyridine	0.00	0.64	0.87
pyrrolidine	0.16	0.70	0.39
quinoline	0.00	0.64	0.92
sulfolane	0.00	0.39	0.98
tetrachloroethene	0.00	0.05	0.28
tetrachloromethane	0.00	0.10	0.28
tetradecafluorohexane	0.00	-0.08	-0.41
tetrahydrofuran	0.00	0.55	0.58
tetramethylsilane	0.00	0.02	-0.09
thiane	0.00	0.36	0.61
thiolane	0.00	0.44	0.62
thiolane-1-oxide	0.00	0.81	1.06
toluene	0.00	0.11	0.54
trans-1,2-dichloroethene	0.00	0.00	0.44
tribromomethane	0.05	0.05	0.62
tributyl phosphate	0.00	0.80	0.65
tributylamine	0.00	0.62	0.16
trichloroethene	0.00	0.05	0.53
trichloromethane	0.20	0.10	0.58
triethyl phosphate	0.00	0.77	0.72
triethylamine	0.00	0.71	0.14
trimethyl phosphate	0.00	0.77	0.72
water	1.17	0.47	1.09